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Physical Geography
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Climatic changes
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Global warming
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Greenhouse effect
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Classification of climates, (Koppen and Thornthwaite)
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Tropical and temperate cyclones
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Air masses and fronts
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Horizontal and vertical distribution of temperature, inversion of temperature
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Insolation,heat budget of the earth
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Composition, Structure and Stratification of the atmosphere
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Geomorphic processes; Weathering, mass wasting, erosion and deposition,soil formation,Landscape cycles, ideas of Davis and Penck
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Evolution and characteristics of landforms in the Fluvial, Glacial, Arid and Karst regions
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Major types of rocks and their characteristics
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Tsunamis
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Earthquakes
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Plate tectonics
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Wegner’s Continental Drift Theory
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Interior of earth,
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Origin and evolution of earth
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Various National Missions and Programmes:-
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Sustainable and Inclusive Growth
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Indian Agriculture- Current Status, Issues & initiatives.
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INDIAN AGRICULTURE—CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
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DRY FARMING IN INDIA
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POULTRY FARMING and SILVER REVOLUTION IN INDIA
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SERICULTURE IN INDIA
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SECOND GREEN REVOLUTION
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AQUA CULTURE
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WHITE REVOLUTION IN INDIA
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Green Revolution in India
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CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE
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Institutional Factors of Agriculture (1) Land Tenure and Land Tenancy (ii) Land Holding
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Physical factors: Terrain, topography, climate, and soil. which determine agriculture
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agriculture
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Infrastructure-energy,ports,roads,airports,railwaysetc
Indian Geography
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Agricultural Crops of India
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Landforms
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Multipurpose Projects & Hydro-Electric Projects in India
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Mineral Resources of India
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Drainage System of India
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Environment and Ecological Issues
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Development of Industries : Types of Industries;factors of industrial location, distribution and changing pattern of selected industries [iron and steel, cotton textile, sugar and petro- chemicals); Weber’s theory of industrial location-lts relevance in the modern world.
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Non- metallic and conventional minerals [coal,petroleum and natural gas), (c) hydro electricity and non conventional sources of energy (Solar, Wind, bio-gas),(d) energy sources Their distribution and conservation.
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Minerals and Energy Resources : Distribution and utility of [a] metallic minerals (ion ore, copper, bauxite, manganese)
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Scarcity of water, methods of conservation-rain water harvesting and watershed management, ground water management
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Utilization for industrial and other purposes, irrigation
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Water Resources : Availability
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Geographical condition and distribution of major crops, like,Rice, Wheat,Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane, Rubber, Tea and Coffee
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Development and Utilization Land Resources ie General land use, agricultural land use
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Natural Resources of India
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functional classification of urban settlements Problems of human settlement in India
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Urban morphology
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Types of Settlements : rural and urban
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Population, environment and development
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Age: Sex, ratio, rural-urban composition
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Population growth, distribution and density
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Natural Hazards : Floods, Droughts, Cyclones, Landslides
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Major types of Soils.(ICAR classification) and their distribution. Soil degradation and conservation
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Natural Vegetation-Forest types and distribution, wild life, conservation, biosphere reserves
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Food scarcity
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Green Revolution and its impact on major crops of India
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Indian monsoon, mechanism, onset and retreat
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Drainage Systems Himalayan and the Peninsular
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Structure, relief and physiographic divisions
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Structure, relief and physiographic divisions
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Multipurpose Projects & Hydro-Electric Projects in India
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Mineral Resources of India:Non Metalic
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Mineral Resources of India:-Metallic Minerals
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Drainage System of India
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Geological and Physiographic divisions of India
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Various National Missions and Programmes:-
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Sustainable and Inclusive Growth
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Indian Agriculture- Current Status, Issues & initiatives.
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INDIAN AGRICULTURE—CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
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DRY FARMING IN INDIA
World Geography